The term "allergy" comes from Greek and means "different reaction" was coined for the first time by von Pirquet in 1906 to indicate the altered reactivity of the organism against usually harmless substances.
Food allergies cause a clinical response to a particular food based on an immunological reaction. This means that food allergy occurs because a particular component ( allergen) contained in the food triggers the body's immune system.
princiapali The allergens in foods are:
- milk proteins: these are also contained in all dairy products like yogurt and cheese, which means that those who are allergic to milk protein will be for its derivatives.
- albumen : cooking eggs causes the proteins contained in the album deteriorate in part by reducing the allergenic effects.
- Vacilina : un'allergenen is contained in vegetables, nuts, hazelnuts and almonds.
- Apples and Prunoidee : allergic to plums, apricots, peaches and cherries is often due to pre-existing allergy to certain pollens and latex.
- Fish : the most allergenic cod, crustaceans, molluscs, sea.
- Meat: pork is the callergenico more than other types of meat.
The symptoms of food allergies
ulcerative stomatitis, esophagitis, doloriaddominali applicants, constipation or alternating diarrhea, recurring colic pain, enuresis (involuntary loss of urine), bone and joint pain, syndromes charged to the cental nervous system (migraine), oral allergy syndrome (swelling of the lips, itching in the mouth, swelling of the tongue, burning throat and respiratory effects asmatci).
Intolerances Food
Food poisoning include any reaction following the ingestion of a food, the reaction can be toxic (ie due to toxic substances such as pesticide residues present in or otherwise) or non-toxic (in this cast is caused by the chemical composition of the food, additives, etc. ..) Food intolerances are not caused by the presence of allergens and trigger the body's immune system. The demonstration of intolerance is caused by an enzyme deficiency ours, for example
- Lactose intolerance: is due to the fact that we lack the enziama (Lactase) Enlarged to digest lactose. This enzyme is produced in greater quantities when is small, or rather until we feed me milk and then calcium. As we age we tend increasingly to avoid reducing the milk, inevitably, the ingestion of calcium and causes reduction of production of the enzyme lactase. The absence of this enzyme causes the non-digestion of lactose (milk sugar) that passes in the first tract, ending unchanged in the area where there are intestinal bacteria that use lactose for food causing gas formation, bloating, flatulence, diarrhea. Lactose can also be found: in products of the Child, cakes, candy, ice cream, including chocolate fudge, margarine, ham and sausages of all kinds, red and white pizza. Lactose is also contained in cheese spreads, soft and semi-soft cheese such as, but not contained in the cheese.
- starch intolerance : is contained in rice and potatoes, the demonstration of intolerance is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme that enables the digestion of starch.
The symptoms of food intolerance are, in essence, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and, in some cases, fever.
To diagnose food allergy tests are used both in vivo in vitro :
- Tes skin in vivo (SPT): is based on hands sting with special surface of the forearm and the placing of allergen extracts. The predictive ability of positive SPT is less than 50% and the negative is over 90%. It appears to be an unreliable test in case of positivity to food allergy.
- In vitro tests (RAST): consists of a blood test and a series of investigations in the laboratory. The predictive power of positive RAST test is like that of SPT, is less than 50% and the negative is over 90%. It appears to be an unreliable test in to be positive for food allergy and is much more expensive.
- challenge test : is done only in hospitals, the allergens are administered and expects the triggering of the immune ystem. It 's the most reliable test ever.
- All other tests turn out to be unreliable and without any scientific basis.
Dietary therapy
The only therapy of proven efficiency in food allergies is the elimination diet for one or more foods to which a finding of hypersensitivity.
Diet Hypoallergenic:
- boiled rice
- turkey, lamb (grilled or steamed)
- fresh lettuce
- peeled pears, fresh pineapple
- extra virgin olive
- tea and sugar cane
- mineral water.
if symptoms subside should return to normal diet and observe their possible resurgence.
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